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Question: About time indicators

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Author Photo by: primesgenato
May 28 2020, 11:20am CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
Question: About time indicators
 
Below is what's written in Tagalog Reference Grammar about the future time indicator "sa":
 
"In the future point-time adverbs, "sa" may be followed by any of the following: a date, the name of a day of the week. the name of a month, makalawa 'the second day from today,' or a modification construction consisting of (1) the cardinal number isa 'one,' the linker na/-ng, and a noun that designates a period of time or (2) one of the two contemplated-aspect verb forms susunod 'will follow' and darating 'will come', the linker na/·ng, and a noun that designates a period of time."
 
If I understood the above correctly, it seems that "isa" is the only number that can follow the time indicator "sa".
"sa isang linggo"
"one week from now"
 
Two questions:
1. How do I say "two weeks from now"? Cos it seems that "sa dalawang linggo" won't work.
2. How do I say "two weeks ago"? Cos it seems that "noong dalawang linggo" won't work either.
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Author Photo AMBoy Badge: SupporterBadge: Serious SupporterBadge: VIP Supporter
May 28 2020, 11:42am CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
Notice: I'm just a rookie here too, so wait for real answers.
 
I'm not even sure if the premise is true that you cant use it like that but as a I rookie I would want to say "dalawang linggo mula ngayon" which I think is literally two weeks starting from now.
and two weeks ago = dalawang linggo ang nakalipas
nakalipas is a weird one I learned from having my Google set to full time Tagalog which is the past tense of "to pass time". When I have google search results that were x days ago they use this word.
 
I'm probably way off here, but I like to try to enhance my learning, I leave it to the experts.
 
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Author Photo primesgenato
May 28 2020, 12:00pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
Thx for the input. I was totally surprised when I read the bible of grammar say "isa" only can follow the time indicator. I thought, no way can that be right cos that's a totally bizarre rule. Then I googled some real world usage and it seems to be the case. Very few google hits for numbers other than "isa".
 
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Author Photo AMBoy Badge: SupporterBadge: Serious SupporterBadge: VIP Supporter
May 28 2020, 12:48pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
@Bituingmaykinang @akosikoneho
 
Please advise
 
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Author Photo Bituingmaykinang
May 28 2020, 3:53pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
@AMBoy That's a funny Google translation. Lipas tends to indicate the "movement of time" if that makes a sense. To pass time is magpalipas, while the completed aspect ("past tense") is Nagpalipas. Nagpalipas kami ng oras sa bundok. We let time pass in the mountains.
 
You are correct with nakalipas, though. It is used to mean the duration of time in the past.
 
When one says "lilipas din yan", it means, "it will come to pass". Lilipas din ang COVID-19 na yan.
 
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Author Photo Bituingmaykinang
May 28 2020, 3:57pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
@primesgenato Would is be "isa sa mga..."?
 
Usually, that means "one of the"
 
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Author Photo AMBoy Badge: SupporterBadge: Serious SupporterBadge: VIP Supporter
May 28 2020, 4:00pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
AMBoy That's a funny Google translation. Lipas tends to indicate the "movement of time" if that makes a sense.
 
@Bituingmaykinang
 
That was probably just my bad relaying of info. I got the "to pass (time)" from TLDC:
 
www.tagaloglessons.c om/words/makalipas.p hp
 
The Google interface/ Youtube (not using Google Translates) will say stuff like 1 taon ang nakalipas, where 1 year ago would normally be. But I guess I get it, 1 year has passed/moved in time.
 
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Author Photo Bituingmaykinang
May 28 2020, 4:06pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
Back on topic,
 
"Sa" as a time indicator appear to have limited use.
 
Sa Lunes ako aalis. Sa isang linggo pa ako aalis. I think "sa dalawang linggo pa ako aalis" is accepted, though more often than not, conversations/details are more "specific" after one week/one month.
 
I think it becomes too inefficient to follow the "sa isang linggo/buwan" beyond "one" because "sa dalawang linggo" tends to mean "in the two weeks that..."
 
Example: Sa dalawang linggo na ginugol ko sa bahay. In the two weeks that I spent at home...
 
If you really want to use the number of weeks, a better sentence would be: "Dalawang linggo pa bago ang kaarawan ko" (my birthday is in two weeks) rather than "Sa dalawang linggo pa ang kaarawan ko". I think the latter is acceptable but not often used
 
The shift in pattern is something that one has to get used to
 
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Author Photo Bituingmaykinang
May 28 2020, 4:18pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
To indicate the time has passed, nakaraan can substitute nakalipas.
 
Dalawang buwan na ang nakaraan nang magdeklara ng lockdown. Two months have past since lockdown was declared.
 
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Author Photo primesgenato
May 28 2020, 9:54pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
@Bituingmaykinang
 
Thx a lot. I just have to remember that time indicators "sa" and "noon" can only use the number "isa".
Babalik ako sa isang buwan
Bumalik ako noong isang buwan
 
For numbers more than "isa", then I should use a more precise time phrase instead.
Babalik ako sa Setyembre (not "sa tatlong buwan")
Bumalik ako noong Pebrero (not "noong tatlong buwan")
 
If a more precise time phrase is inconvenient, then perhaps the following can still work.
 
For past events, use "nakaraang" or "nakalipas na".
Nag-umpisa ang digmaan noong nakaraang dalawang siglo
Naganap ang "Big Bang" noong nakalipas na 14 bilyong taon
 
For future events, can "susunod na" work similarly?
Matatapos ang loan ko sa susunod na 15 taon
Sa susunod na 4 taon ang eleksiyon
 
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Author Photo Bituingmaykinang
May 29 2020, 10:48am CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
@primesgenato "sa susunod" tend to mean "in the next". Sa susunod na labing limang taon. In the next fifteen years.
 
Or it can also mean, "next time". Sa susunod ko nalang gagawin iyan. I will just do that next time.
 
Another one is "sa loob ng" which also refers to the "future time events" albeit with an "upper limitation".
 
May COVID pa rin sa loob ng tatlong taon. There will still be COVID within 3 years
 
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Author Photo primesgenato
May 29 2020, 12:52pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
Ok thx @Bituingmaykinang
 
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Author Photo Ignatius
May 29 2020, 3:27pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
Nakaraan = it happened in the past.
Nakalipas= it has already happened, it has already transpired
 
Lipas is more poetic, I think. There's an old Florante song about "tatanda, at lilipas din ako..."
I will get old, and I will pass on (transpire)
I love that song. Bittersweet. It has a deeply personal meaning to me, a testament to me being a Filipino.
 
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Author Photo jkos Badge: AdminBadge: SupporterBadge: Serious SupporterBadge: VIP Supporter
May 29 2020, 3:43pm CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
 
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Author Photo Ignatius
May 30 2020, 1:50am CST ~ 3 years, 10 mos ago. 
@jkos, exactly, my friend! I've forgotten most of the lyrics. It has a melancholic effect on me, though it celebrates gratitude and being part of someone's life. When I saw the title, Handog, I said, that's it! Handog in this sense means tribute. Other related words are offering, something given, to some degree, thankfulness.
I don't know how old this song is.
Thank you for finding it.
 
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